The Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb - 2429 Words

The dropping of the atomic bomb was the first of many nuclear projects. The first project was called the Manhattan project. Three bombs were created, one was a test, and the two others were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, cities in Japan. These bombs created mass destruction for the two cities; buildings were obliterated, fires erupted, and radiation spread for miles. After foreign countries saw what the United States was capable of, countries all around the world started to develop their own nuclear weapons, creating a surplus of weapons of mass destruction. â€Å"Today, eight countries in the world have nuclear arsenals (weapon supplies). The United States and Russia (formerly part of the Soviet Union) have most of the world’s nuclear weapons. Other countries with nuclear arms include China, France, India, Israel, Pakistan, and the United Kingdom† (Kroenig). Following World War Two, the Soviet Union and the United States were leaders of nuclear weapons. This period was called the Cold War. Forty-five years of potential nuclear destruction loomed over the Soviets and Americans. It wasn’t until after the Cold War that diplomats created the Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty. The Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty, or NPT for short, recognizes the United States, Russia, China, France, and the United Kingdom as nuclear weapon states. Nearly every country in the world is a member of the treaty, even if they do not possess nuclear weapons, by law they state that they are a nonnuclearShow MoreRelatedThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb853 Words   |  4 Pagesall have diverse opinions on the dropping of the atomic bomb. Varying from, it should be dropped to bring an end to the war with Japan, to it is inhumane to use such a power weapon on the Japanese military. Having so many diverse opinions on the newest found weapon, made the decision difficult for President Truman. There is no found proof that the war would have ended shortly after if it hadnâ⠂¬â„¢t been dropped. It was an uncertain factor on what would happen if the bomb wasn’t dropped, as well as whatRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb Essay1734 Words   |  7 PagesThe dropping of the atomic bomb was used to save American lives; the most common excuse as to why President Harry Truman decided to drop the atomic bomb on Japan. In Major Problems in the History of World War II it has been discussed in the chapter The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II that former President Truman recalled how he learned about the atomic bomb project as well as the public opinion on the Atomic Bomb. I believe that the solution that Truman gave when dropping the Atomic BombRead MoreThe Dropping of the Atomic Bomb1290 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Right to Drop the Atomic Bomb â€Å"On the morning of August 6, 1945, the American B-29 Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. Three days later another B-29, Bock’s Car, released one over Nagasaki. Both caused enormous casualties and physical destruction.† (Maddox 1). These disastrous events have weighted upon the American conscience ever since that day in history. Even though there are some people that disagree with the dropping of the atomic bomb, President Truman’s decisionRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb1207 Words   |  5 PagesThe dropping of the atomic bombs in Japan was a very helpful source for the United States during the WWII. President Truman, took the responsibility of dropping and creation of the atomic bomb. For the reason that The United States was seeking revenge on Japan for the attack at Pearl Harbor. The atomic bomb caused a high number of innocent Japanese deaths and also awful sickness. The atomic bombs left a big impact in the Japa nese empire; also effected the Japanese at the time of the atomic bomb andRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb Essay2212 Words   |  9 PagesThe dropping of the Atomic Bomb changed not only warfare forever, but also all international relations. With that being said, the decision to do so was one of the biggest decisions made by any government in the history of time. Nuclear warfare was way more destructive and way faster than any other form of warfare preceding. With the United States seemingly always viewed to be â€Å"the good guys† it is puzzling that this country is the same one who killed hundreds of thousands of people all at once andRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb On Japan Essay2238 Words   |  9 Pagesdiffer in relation to the dropping of the atomic bomb on Japan? (Intro 1—Context/Cover) The dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima on August 6th, 1945 and Nagasaki on August 9th, 1945 was the first and last time the weapon has been used to date; the atomic explosions exposed the true potential of nuclear warfare whilst also highlighting the global superiority that America possessed at the conclusion of World War II. On August 6th 1945 â€Å"Little Boy†, a uranium atomic bomb was dropped on HiroshimaRead MoreCauses Of Dropping The Atomic Bomb871 Words   |  4 Pages U.S. Atomic Bombing kills more than 150,000 people! In september 1 1939 through september 2 1945 the world was at war. The Axis powers which were Germany,Italy and Japan. Then there was the allies which were United States, Britain, France then eventually Russia. The Axis powers ruled most of europe then when the U.S. Entered we attacked italy then we invaded france to get it back because it was under nazi control. When europe was finally contained and germany surrendered, on the other side ofRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb On Japan5502 Words   |  23 Pagesrelation to the dropping of the atomic bomb on Japan? Sub Issues Questions: Scott Carroll The dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima on August 6th, 1945 and Nagasaki on August 9th, 1945 was the first and last time the weapon has been used to date; the atomic explosions exposed the true potential of nuclear warfare whilst also highlighting the global superiority that America possessed at the conclusion of World War II. On August 6th, 1945 â€Å"Little Boy†, a uranium atomic bomb was dropped on HiroshimaRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb On Hiroshima3031 Words   |  13 PagesThe dropping of the Atomic bomb on Hiroshima on August 6th, 1945 and Nagasaki on August 9th, 1945 was the first and last time the weapon has been used to date; the atomic explosions exposed the true potential of nuclear warfare whilst also highlighting the global superiority that America possessed at the conclusion of World War II. On August 6th, 1945 â€Å"Little Boy†, a uranium atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima in an effort by the United States (U.S.) and backed by the Sovie t Union, the British andRead MoreDropping the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima1081 Words   |  5 PagesDropping of the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima With the closing of the Second World War at hand, Harry S. Truman represented the United States in Potsdam Germany to decide the fate of a post war world. The key individuals in the conference consisted of the allied leaders, Soviet Premier Stalin, Prime Minister Churchill, and Truman. Dubbed the â€Å"big Three† in the second conference of the post war, they were charged with the daunting task of dealing with Japan and their continued effort in the ending

Pablo Picaso “Olga” Free Essays

The portrait of Olga is a naturalistic depiction of Picasso’s wife. I think that the missing arm chair, the shadow, the darkness, and the paleness of Olga are a sign from Picasso that their relationship was not always so good. I assume this because from the site http://www. We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo Picaso â€Å"Olga† or any similar topic only for you Order Now sapergalleries. com/PicassoWomen. html I found that their marriage had its ups and downs and they were two different people. This painting is well painted. It gives me a feeling that Olga was present when Picasso painted this portrait. This woman is beautiful and I think that Picasso would paint his wife beautifully. The imperfections in the Olga portrait remind me of Picasso’s first Cubism painting, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon because of the shadow in the back ground that does not seem to fit Olga’s shape. If you look at the Cubism painting Picasso uses a lot of shadow and fuzzy lines in the back ground behind the women. I believe that when you look at the Olga painting long enough you can tell that is was not meant to be a perfect portrait of his wife therefore I believe that it is more of a cubist painting. That is very interesting because I thought that is looked as if the painting was done in person. Now that I know that he painted Olga from a photograph of her does not change my mind that the piece reflects the cubism paintings. In the other painting the women that Picasso pained the women look distorted and not human like. I believe that these women probably were not painted by picture but by imagination and emotion of Pablo Picasso. All in all, I believe that Picasso had a talent of portraying women in many different ways. His work is fascinating and very different than a lot of other artists work. How to cite Pablo Picaso â€Å"Olga†, Papers

Servant and Spiritual Leadership Theories

Question: Discuss about the Servant and Spiritual Leadership Theories. Answer: Introduction This study is based on the subject of communication and leadership. During this study, a particular case study of Auditing hidden agendas is considered. The study has focused on identifying the importance of proper communication and leadership style in the business organization. The relationship between the communication and organizational success as well as leadership and organizational success has been analyzed in this study. At the same time, the study also concentrates on the theoretical perspectives of communication and leadership. At the end of the discussion, the study provides the recommendations for the improvement of the given scenario. Identifying the concept and importance of communication and leadership in business organizations Communication is the most essential part of a business organization. In the words of MacLellan (2016), communication creates the bonding among the employees with the business organization. At the same time, Wiedemann and Meyen (2016) stated that for a company, communication is not only required for building the internal relationship among the people in the organization, but also building the relationship with the external stakeholders like, investors, creditors and government. Charlier et al. (2016) has commented that organizational communication is a process through which people within the organization and outside the organization shares their views and activities in order to fulfill the organizational goal. The importance of organizational communication is stated below: According to Wilhelm (2016), communication is one of the sources of employee motivation within a company. Clear communication between the employees and employer helps understanding the motive and ideas of each other. If the employees are aware of the motive of the employer, then they can understand how they can satisfy the needs of the employer. In the other words, it can be said that the employees can understand whether they can serve the needs of the employer or not. On the other hand, through proper communication, the employer can understand what the actual need of the employees is and how they can be motivated (Pacleb and Bocarnea 2016). Therefore, with the help of organizational communication, both employer and employees can be aware of each other and try to fulfill the needs of each other. Organizational communication helps building strong co-ordination between the employers and employees, among the employees and between the company and the external stakeholders. In the given case study, it can be identified that there was lack of communication between the company and its stakeholders. This type of situation can raise many problems within the company (Carter et al. 2016). Due to the lack of organizational communication, the stakeholders of the company were unaware about the financial crisis of the company. In this situation, it can happen that the stakeholders become dissatisfied with the performance of the company because they are not aware of the financial crisis in the company (Ruben and Gigliotti 2016). Therefore, the co-ordination between the company and the stakeholders is affected negatively. Hence, it can be stated that proper organizational communication helps building strong co-ordination. Khan et al. (2016) stated that organizational communication helps to build employees or stakeholders trust. In the case study, the dilemma took place because the CEO of the company was not ready to inform the stakeholders about the effects of financial crisis on the business of the company. However, it is the duty of the employer or CEO to inform the stakeholders about the financial situation of the company because their interests are related to the financial position of the company. If the stakeholders get to know about the actual financial condition after some days, then that may create a negative impact about the company. At the same time, trusts of the stakeholders will be reduced. Therefore, in order to build trusts in the minds of stakeholders, it is important maintaining proper communication between the organization and its stakeholders. Organizational communication is one of the sources of the information to the management as well as to the other stakeholders of the company (Pacleb and Bocarnea 2016). Communicating with the employer, the employees can know about the next target of the company. Similarly, with the help of communication, the creditors can know what the financial strength of the company is. The investors can also know the financial situation of the company through communication (DeFleur and DeFleur 2016). The information that every stakeholder gets through organizational communication, helps them taking proper decision regarding their engagement with the company. Therefore, from the above discussion, it can be stated that organizational communication is very important for operating a business successfully. Theories of organizational communication Organizational communication can be better understood with the help of different organizational theories. There are several theories related to the organizational communication like, Information theory, Critical theory and Groupware theory. All of these theories are discussed below: Information theory suggests that communication between the people must be made in such a way so that no one can alter the actual message. This theory has stated that communication is done in order to transfer some information from one person to another (Merkl-Davies and Brennan 2016). However, during the transfer of message, some mistakes can take place, which is the major barrier in communication. Therefore, while communicating with the other people within a business organization, maintaining the reliability and validity of the information is very important, otherwise, there will be miscommunication. The theory also suggests that in order to maintain the accuracy of the communication, it is important of the organization measuring the accuracy level of organizational communication (Jensen 2016). The management of the organization can maintain the accuracy level of the organizational communication by putting more accountability on the recipients of the message or information. Critical theory: Critical theory of communication assumes that the organizational conflict is the result of wrong communication among the people within the organization (Beatty and Pascual?Ferr 2016). This theory suggests that proper communication is the key to achieve the organizational success. According to this particular communication theory, organizational communication is important because it helps to motivate the employees and reduce the level of misinterpretation and conflicts among the people within the company (Leonardi 2016). The critical theory believes that any critical situation within the organization can be solved with the help of proper communication. Therefore, it is very important for the organizations taking care of the organizational communication standard. Groupware theory: This particular theory of communication believes that the system of organizational communication may be changed with the changes in the technologies in the organization. Previously, the employees within the organizations used to communicate either through face to face meetings or through hand written letters (Merkl-Davies and Brennan 2016). However, with the changes in technology, the system of communication has also changed. Nowadays, people within the organizations use to communicate through computers or social media websites. The Groupware theory of communication specially focuses on the speed and style of communication (Leonardi 2016). This theory suggests that the positive and quick follow of information helps to maintain better relationship between the management and the other stakeholders of the company. Therefore, from the above discussion, it can be stated that organizational communication is the medium of transferring the information from one employee to another employees. However, the management of the organizations requires maintaining a systematic flow of communication. Concept and importance of leadership According to Offord, Gill and Kendal (2016), leadership is the ability of an individual to motivate a particular group of people towards the achievement of a specific aim. At the same time, Contreras (2016) stated that leadership is a personality trait of influencing the people towards a particular goal. In the business scenario, leadership is the most essential factor for achieving the success of the organization. Storey (2016) mentioned that leadership not only means dominating the people but it indicates motivating the people through friendly and polite behavior. There are several styles of leadership that the business organizations follow. However, in any kind of leadership style, the leaders must follow some core principles of leadership and these are mentioned below: The leaders must be helpful enough to each of the group members whom the leaders are leading (Harrichand, Kimball and Kirk 2016). The leaders must have the ability to know the people or the group members. This indicates that the leaders must be aware of the positive and negative sides of each group member. The leaders must be aware of themselves. Proper leadership demands self-judgment and self-improvement (Delshad and Karimi 2016). The leaders must be able of handling the any kind of emergency situation within the organization and outside the organization. Ospina (2016) noted about different types of leadership styles like, autocratic leadership, participative leadership, strategic leadership, team leadership, facilitative leadership and cross-cultural leadership. Each of the leadership styles has some different and unique characteristics or features. Due to this, the leaders in the business organizations require to adopt different types of leadership in different situations. However, every type or style of leadership has the capacity of providing some benefits to the organization (Beatty and Pascual?Ferr 2016). These have created importance of leadership within the business organizations. The importances of leadership are stated below: Khan et al. (2016) stated that leadership is important in the business organization because it helps to create a strong bonding or co-ordination among the people within the country. Strong team bonding ultimately helps to achieve the business goal properly. Leadership is important because it helps to improve the competence level of the employees within the organization. However, in this context, Contreras (2016) argued that the competence level of the employees can be improved only when the leaders apply appropriate leadership style as per the situation. If the given case study is considered, then it can be identified that the leader or the CEO of the organization has not taken the right leadership style for handling the financial crisis situation of the company. As the employees of the organization are not fully aware of the financial situation of the company, they cannot understand whether their competence level should be improved or not. Leadership is an important factor for creating an effective and friendly working culture within the organization (Jensen 2016). Friendly and effective working culture actually motivates the employees towards the business goal. This is because if the management or leaders within the organization are friendly and supportive enough then the employees or sub-ordinates get any kind of help from their leaders, which actually motivates the employees to performing better. Leadership is also an importance factor for removing the conflicting situation within the business organization (DeFleur and DeFleur 2016). In a business organization different types of conflicting situations can take place. With the help of proper leadership, the management of the organizations can easily handle the conflicting situation. Therefore, from the above discussion, it can be said that leadership is very important in the context of business. Wiedemann and Meyen (2016) commented that in the current competitive business scenario, a company cannot survive if it applies wrong leadership style. Offord, Gill and Kendal (2016) stated that if the importance of leadership is identified as per the different leadership styles, then it can be stated that when there is chaotic situation within the organization, the management of the company must apply the autocratic leadership style. The autocratic leadership style helps to run the business organization by considering the decision of the management only. On the other side, if the organization is facing a problem between the management and employees, then the application of participative leadership is more helpful (Delshad and Karimi 2016). However, different types of leadership styles depend on different theories of leadership. The theories of leadership are stated below . Analyzing different theories of leadership Storey (2016) stated that the leadership styles available to the leaders in the modern business organizations are based on different leadership theories. Some of the important theories of leadership are Trait theory, Behavioral theory and Contingency theory. These theories are discussed below: This particular theory of leadership is based on the different traits of human beings. According to this particular theory, the personality traits of the individuals help to identify the difference between the leaders and non-leaders. Wilhelm (2016) mentioned that while developing the trait theory of leadership, the features of successful as well as unsuccessful leaders have been considered. At the same time, Offord, Gill and Kendal (2016) commented that trait theory of leadership provides the constructive data and information about the leadership within the organization. However, Ospina (2016) argued that trait theory of leadership provides only the subjective judgment while considering someone as an efficient or inefficient leader. In support of this, Leonardi (2016) stated that there are huge numbers of human traits and it is not possible to consider each of the traits while identifying a successful leader. However, it is true that the trait theory of leadership is very effective in identifying and understanding the important traits of effective leadership. Behavioral theory: The behavioral theory of leadership is based on two assumptions. The first assumption is leadership is not a born talent rather it can be built within an individual. The second assumption is the effective leadership can be built through the learnable and definable behavior. Wilhelm (2016) stated that the behavioral theories of leadership consider that the leadership is such a talent of human beings that is created through effective learning and practice. Leadership is not an inherent talent of anyone. This means, the behavioral theory of leadership suggests that in order to lead an organization successfully, a leader needs to develop some effective personality traits. MacLellan (2016) mentioned that behavioral theory influences the human being towards the development of leadership traits because it believes that leadership characteristics can be generate and it is not in-born. However, Khan et al. (2016) argued that behavioral theory does not give any clue regarding its use in diff erent organizational situations. This particular theory of leadership was developed by Fred Fiedler during 1958. According to this theory, the success of a leadership is not solely dependent on the leadership style, but the control level of the leadership in a particular scenario is also the determinant of effective leadership (Delshad and Karimi 2016). The contingency leadership theory has critically researched on the characteristics of effective leadership and it has been stated that the characteristics of effective leadership are flexible. However, the subjective scale of the theory makes the usability of contingency theory limited. Relationship between leadership, communication and organizational sustainability According to Contreras (2016), the sustainability of a business organization depends on the level of communication and effectiveness of leadership within the organization. On the other side, Charlier et al. (2016) noted that the leadership and communication are also dependent on each other. In support of this, Wilhelm (2016) suggested that a leadership can be successful when the communication level within the organization is strong and an organization is successful when it has strong leadership as well as communication. Effective communication system helps the leaders making proper plan for the future and effective leadership motivates the employees to convert the plan into a success. In the other words, it can be said that by implementing the well developed communication system, the leaders in the organization can build a friendly working atmosphere and at the same time, the relationship between the management and employees becomes stronger. If the employee-management relationship is strong, then the employees become motivated towards the fulfillment of companys goal (Harrichand, Kimball and Kirk 2016). At the same time, it can also be said that if the employees are well motivated towards the fulfillment of companys overall goal, then it is obvious that the company will achieve a sustainable position in the market (Beatty and Pascual?Ferr 2016). This means in order to operate a business successfully and to make a business sustainable, the management of the organization requires leading the employees through effective leadership style and implementing proper communication network. Conclusion In this study, it has been identified that communication and leadership are the most important factors behind the success of a company. In the study has found out that in the given scenario, the CEO of the company has not communicated properly about the financial position of the company with the employees ad well as external stakeholders. Due to this, the company may face several problems in future. The study has indicated that through effective communication, the organization can build team bonding, co-ordination and can clarify the doubts of the employees. On the other side, effective leadership helps to motivate the employees towards the fulfillment of the overall goal of the company. The study has also indicated that the sustainability or success of a company depends on both the effective implementation of communication system and leadership style. Reference list Beatty, M.J. and Pascual?Ferr, P., 2016. Trait Theories.The International Encyclopedia of Communication Theory and Philosophy. Carter, D.F., Ro, H.K., Alcott, B. and Lattuca, L.R., 2016. Co-Curricular Connections: The Role of Undergraduate Research Experiences in Promoting Engineering Students Communication, Teamwork, and Leadership Skills.Research in Higher Education,57(3), pp.363-393. Charlier, S.D., Stewart, G.L., Greco, L.M. and Reeves, C.J., 2016. Emergent leadership in virtual teams: A multilevel investigation of individual communication and team dispersion antecedents.The Leadership Quarterly. Contreras, F., 2016. Servant and Spiritual Leadership Theories: Are They Two Different Notions?.Journal of Human Values,22(3), pp.202-208. DeFleur, M.L. and DeFleur, M.H., 2016.Mass communication theories: Explaining origins, processes, and effects. Routledge. Delshad, A. and Karimi, S., 2016. Leadership: Strategic Management Tool in the Industry.European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences: Proceedings,4(1 (s)), pp.pp-2284. Harrichand, J.J.S., Kimball, P. and Kirk, K., 2016. Counseling Leadership Development: A Qualitative Meta-analysis and Theoretical Model. Jensen, K.B., 2016. Practical theories: Concepts, conceptions and conceptualizations of communication.Empedocles: European Journal for the Philosophy of Communication,7(2), pp.143-156. Johnston, L.M., 2016. Constructivist Theories of Leadership. Khan, G.F., Lee, S., Park, J.Y. and Park, H.W., 2016. Theories in communication science: a structural analysis using webometrics and social network approach.Scientometrics, pp.1-27. Leonardi, P.M., 2016. How to Build High Impact Theories of Organizational Communication Strategies of Discovery and Reconceptualization.Management Communication Quarterly, p.0893318916675426. MacLellan, C., 2016. Spiral of Silence: Caregiving, Stress and its Impact in the Workplace A Thesis Presented to the Faculty in Communication and Leadership Studies School of Professional Studies Gonzaga University.Signature. Merkl-Davies, D.M. and Brennan, N.M., 2016. A Theoretical Framework of External Accounting Communication: Research Perspectives, Traditions and Theories.Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal. Offord, M., Gill, R. and Kendal, J., 2016. Leadership between decks: a synthesis and development of engagement and resistance theories of leadership based on evidence from practice in Royal Navy warships.Leadership Organization Development Journal,37(2), pp.289-304. Ospina, S.M., 2016. Collective Leadership and Context in Public Administration: Bridging Public Leadership Research and Leadership Studies.Public Administration Review. Pacleb, T.G. and Bocarnea, M.C., 2016. The Relationship between Leadership Styles, Leader Communication Style, and Impact on LeaderMember Exchange Relationship within the Banking Sector in the United States. InChallenges, Performances and Tendencies in Organisation Management(pp. 275-287). World Scientific. Ruben, B.D. and Gigliotti, R.A., 2016. Leadership as Social Influence An Expanded View of Leadership Communication Theory and Practice.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies, p.1548051816641876. Storey, J. ed., 2016.Leadership in Organizations: Current Issues and Key Trends. Routledge. Wiedemann, T. and Meyen, M., 2016. Internationalization Through Americanization: The Expansion of the International Communication Association's Leadership to the World.International Journal of Communication,10, p.21. Wilhelm, P., 2016. the Importance of COMMUNICATION in LEADERSHIP Culture.

The advantages and disadvantages of Enterprise Resource Planning

Introduction Most companies have found it difficult to cope with factors such as mergers and competitiveness among others, using the old system of MRP (Manufacturing resource planning). Moreover, they have found it hard to improve in profitability with the same system.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The advantages and disadvantages of Enterprise Resource Planning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This has prompted a shift to Enterprise Resource Planning, which has proved to be efficient in all areas of production. Companies that do not use ERP usually find themselves using incompatible software packages that carry with them numerous errors and problems, thus undermining their objectives. This is mainly because several processes are involved in implementing ERP, all the way from designing of the product to marketing. ERP is therefore very instrumental in enhancing management and efficiency; this would help in ach ieving most, if not all of the company’s objectives. The paper will use two articles to analyze advantages and disadvantages of ERP in organizations (Exforsys, Inc., 2009, p. 1). ERP Enterprise resource planning is a platform that integrates all elements of production in an organization to manage and automate the activities, thereby improving their efficiency, logistics and work flow, among others. Its integration combines all the external and internal factors of production in an organization . It begins right from product design and facilitates flow of work throughout the system. ERP does not rely on periodic updates and therefore ensures real time application throughout its integrated system software. Its ability to run in virtually every network as well as hardware makes it not only viable but reliable too. ERP has a common database that work with all applications. Its reliability is unrivaled as it utilizes database as storage for information. Its main objective is to try and consolidate all the departments in a company. Communication is fastened through this method and product design is boosted as well. ERP strives to incorporate finance, manufacturing, customer service, chain supply, data services and human resource departments, among others. ERP has been touted as one of the best management systems in the world. It has succeeded in replacing MRP as the solution based software that integrates all departments. According to Barker and Frolick, successful implementation of ERP is vital to success of a company.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More More often organizations know what to implement, however they fall way shot of its implementation guidelines and in the end failing to maximize its utilization. Several articles have tried to suggest ways of implementing ERP successfully in organizations, focusing more on its advantages than the disadvan tages. Furthermore a number of companies have also failed in successful implementation of ERP, instead trying to cover for it with other software packages. However it is quite imperative to note that as much as it is very efficient and useful in its application, ERP requires proper implementation, following of all the guidelines that relates to its implementation along with the inclusion of all departments to achieve its purpose (Baltzan, Phillips, Lynch Blakey, 2010, p. 23). Discussion Numerous articles have underlined the main advantages of ERP as well as its disadvantages. A number of agreements are evident in advantages with a few disparities. However most of the authors do not quite concur on major disadvantages. The following are a few analyses on two articles that share and differ on various aspects of ERP implementation (Bidgoli, 2004, p. 707). ERP Implementation failure: A case Study, by Barker and Frolick Barker and Frolick concur that implementing ERP is a difficult task and requires more than installation of the software. They feel that most companies have failed in their quest to implement ERP because of its management. They also argue that after installation, the management must act to involve every personnel so as to bring success. Team attitude is emphasized in this article with an assurance that sustainable success will follow those companies that completes the required implementation. Barker and Frolick stress the fact that ERP is very important in facilitating mergers, competitiveness and acquisitions that have caused uncountable problems to companies. In their success stories with ERP they give Fujitsu as one such company that has excelled due to ERP. According to them, ERP has the following advantages. ERP is essential in improving employee satisfaction, by dipping work redundancy that is likely to cause fatigue. They also credit it with time conservation, which allows for value added tasks, employee satisfaction is also credited with tra nsforming them into company assets as they gain more experience and stay with the organization. This is important in lowering employee turnover as well as training costs and helps in widening competitive advantage (Sheilds, 2001, p. 9-10).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The advantages and disadvantages of Enterprise Resource Planning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The article goes on to state that ERP’s main targets are those departments that are incompatible and incorporates them in the system to help draw them closer. This helps in improving decision making for the organization as it speeds up information processing. Better decision making in companies help them instill corporate environment. The authors attest to the fact that ERP helps break barriers that usually exist between departments, thus helping in workflow. These benefits are usually enticing to companies, causing them to rush into impleme ntation of ERP. The article also majors on disadvantages of ERP, stating that it is prone to failure without proper implementation as well as management. They also concede that ERP is difficult to implement. Other disadvantages include its inability to be modified into the company’s structure and high risks of failure (Barker, Frolick, 2003, p. 43-49). Academic Tutorials Academic tutorials provides several advantages of ERP namely its ability to interface engineering design, tracking of orders, revenue cycle, control and security of information against any sabotage, among others. The article also dwells on disadvantages, in which it concurs with Barker and Frolick that implementation of ERP is very tasking, it has a high risk of failure as companies try to transform into ERP model, difficult in usage and too rigid. Other disadvantages listed by academic tutorials include high switching cost after its implementation, technical support, which may at times cause computer insecu rity. Still others are charges by ERP vendors that is not reflective of the size, and profitability of the organization, risk of over engineering the system that makes it more complex, problems of accountability due to broken barriers as well as its ability to be affected by other department, among others. The article gives more disadvantages than advantages.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Summary The articles have given substantial facts on advantages and disadvantages of ERP implementation. The first article by Backer and Frolick emphasizes on importance of using ERP in management systems although it warns organizations of what to expect if they do not comply with its implementation guidelines. Throughout the article they attribute failure to mistakes by organization; on the other hand Academic tutorials provide several disadvantages of ERP. Nonetheless they both concur that ERP is difficult to implement. Among the advantages provided by the article include reduced costs on inventory, chain supply, material time flow as well as in logistics. It is also credited with standardization of the organization practice, improvement of work flow, error reduction, customer satisfaction, and achievement of company goals. Other advantages include breaking of departmental barriers, faster decision making, improvement on communication and relationships between departments, as well as employee satisfaction, among others (Barker, Frolick, 2003, p. 43-49). Both articles also concur that ERP has disadvantages, although academic tutorials discusses more of it. Among the disadvantages listed include its high rate of failure, high costs of implementation and training of staff as well as the high cost of switching from ERP. Other disadvantages named include its complexity, misfits that may lead to bankruptcy (as in FoxMeyer’s case), high risk of failure, for instance about 20% of companies that attempted implementation of ERP have failed; another example is Dell, which never implemented ERP due to its rigidity to expansion. It may take too long (three or more years) to start reaping benefits, by this time most companies may have succumb to failure. ERP also exposes the company to internet insecurity and this becomes very expensive as they have to continually adapt to contemporary data protection techniques that are costly. Implementation of ERP is therefore very challenging to companies much as it is the best (Vyom Technosoft Ltd., 2011, p. 1). Conclusion ERP is very essential for companies as it helps improve their competitiveness, profitability and product design processes. However, it has several guidelines that make it rigid and therefore very complex. This makes it very expensive to implement and poses a high risk of failure if not successfully implemented. Reference List Baltzan, P., Phillips, A., Lynch, K., Blakey, P., (2010). Business Driven Information Systems, 1 Edition. Print. Barker, T., Frolick, M., (2003). ERP IMPLEMENTATION FAILURE: A CASE STUDY. Information Systems Management. EBSCO Publishing. Bidgoli, H., (2004). The Internet Encyclopedia, Volume 1. John Wiley Sons, Inc. p. 707. Exforsys, Inc., (2009). The Advantages and Disadvantages of ERP. Exforsus.com. Available from:Â  http://www.exforsys.com/tutorials/erp/the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-erp.html . Sheilds, G., (2001). E-Business and ERP: Rapid Implementa tion and Project Planning. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. p. 9-10. Vyom Technosoft Ltd., (2011). ERP: The Advantages and Disadvantages of ERP. Academic Tutorials. Available from:Â  http://www.academictutorials.com/erp/erp-advantages.asp . This report on The advantages and disadvantages of Enterprise Resource Planning was written and submitted by user Makhi Smith to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.