Dominos Pizza Essay Example for Free

Dominos Pizza Essay Domino’s presented a wide scope of Pizzas and other nibble things redid as per the preferences and inclinations of Indian open including Double Cheese Crunch pizza, Cheese Burst pizza, Kebab pizza, Chicken Wings, Choco Lava cake, Pasta, Breadsticks and so forth. They likewise propelled barely any Pizzas for explicit geological markets * Deluxe chicken with Mustard Sauce and Sardines were presented in East Indian markets * Mutton Ghongura and Chicken Chettinad were presented in South Indian markets 2. Cost Initially Domino’s India focused on clients, which are esteem touchy and not value delicate. The significant expense of their items were ascribed to the high caliber of material utilized. Domino’s even sourced a portion of their fixings from outside India. Notwithstanding, on account of expanding rivalry from Pizza Hut, Domino’s acquainted value cuts and limits with draw in the clients. In 1998,Dominos presented the Pizza Mania plot where it offered a huge pizza for Rs. 129/ - . 3. Advancement * Advertising: Celebrities like Paresh Rawal, Anupam Kher, Arshad Warsi acted in different fun promotions to target Indian crowd and improve brand acknowledgment. * Promotional Campaigns: Domino’s forcefully assaulted Indian market with its different limited time crusades like â€Å"Hungry Kya? †, â€Å"The Pizza conveyance experts† and â€Å"Khusiyon ke home delivery† to target enormous client portions. * 30 minutes Delivery: This battle was unbelievably fruitful in aiding Domino’s accomplish predominance in the Pizza home conveyance section. * Discount coupons: A significant limited time device driving deals during extraordinary days of the week * Publicity and PR: Sponsoring school fests, social projects and special occasions all through the nation helped Domino’s increment Brand acknowledgment 4. Spot Dominos India opened its first store in Delhi in 1996. At the hour of composing of the case it secured 44 urban areas including level 2 and level 3 urban communities. It has utilized push Strategy in channel promoting. It is deliberately positioned in enormous corporate zones, colleges, shopping centers and different spots and now is it is wanting to open its stores in air terminals of Delhi, Mumbai on sub-establishment and sub-rent premise to target more clients Charitable exercises In 2001, Dominos propelled a two-year national organization with the Make-A-Wish Foundation of America. That equivalent year, organization stores in New York City and Washington D. C. given in excess of 12,000 pizzas to help laborers following the September 11 assaults on the World Trade Center and The Pentagon. Through a coordinating subsidizes program, the enterprise gave $350,000 to the American Red Cross calamity aid venture. [9] In 2004, Dominos started an association with St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, partaking in the medical clinics Thanks and Giving effort since the crusade started in 2004, and raising more than $1. 3 million of every 2006. Much like the delicate flexible batter utilized as the establishment for which their backbone item is manufactured, Domino’s Pizza has formed their advertising procedure into a juggernaut that has appreciated almost 50 years of accomplishment. As of now a market followerâ€second just to Pizza Hutâ€Domino’s life span and fast pace of development is expected to a great extent to their capacity to build up, keep up, and stay consistent with their unique promoting blend. Domino’s achievement, in any case, is because of the way that they have had the option to separate themselves on an extremely packed playing field. Most organizations, in any event the effective ones, focus on the four Ps that form their promoting blend. But item, value, spot, and advancement are the foundation of many showcasing strategiesâ€Domino’s Pizza has utilized the four Cs, or consumer’s perspective, to build up their advertising blend. Client arrangement, cost, comfort, and correspondence are viewed as each time Domino’s Pizza presents another item or starts another advancement. The study of showcasing was the keep going thing on the brains of the Monaghan siblings when they acquired $500 to buy Dominick’s Pizza in 1960. With an initial installment of $75, Tom and Jim Monaghan took responsibility for little pizza shop in Ypsilanti, Michigan. Their sights were immovably determined to building a line of three areas and consuming pizza conveyance in a little thought territory. From beginning, the Domino’s logo contained three dabs. These spots, despite everything present on the current logo, speak to Tom Monaghan’s unique vision of opening three areas and build up a triangulation conveyance methodology (Miranda, 2009). In the early long periods of business, pizza was the main thing on the menu at Domino’s. Side things were never viewed as a piece of the menu. Staying touchy to contenders and permitting rivalry to influence item estimating is a great attribute of a market supporter (Kotler Anderson, 2008). Domino’s was in the long run compelled to include medium and additional huge sizes to stay serious. Domino’s Pizza has picked a market devotee technique. Item, one of the four Ps of the showcasing blend, is a zone where the market chief keeps on impacting Domino’s. Rivalry powers changes to the market supporters. The primary change to the item offering at Domino’s happened very nearly three decades after they opened. In 1989, Domino’s Pizza presented a profound dish pizza (Laukens, 2010). While it would make sense that the new expansion to the menu was a response to a contending item, Domino’s had entered a market where profound dish was the main adequate adaptation of a pizza. Statistical surveying had uncovered that Domino’s advertise segment was socially different. Domino’s reacted by including a few different varieties of the fundamental pizza. Hand hurled and slight covering pizzas were added to the menu to fulfill request in explicit market regions and stay serious. Domino’s watches out for the customer response to explicit item and evaluating. The capacity to see their organization from the buyer’s perspective is a noteworthy bit of leeway for any organization. Domino’s Pizza tunes in to criticism from the purchasers, and simultaneously infrequently looks over the shoulder of their opposition for motivation and impact. From the customers’ input and purchasing propensities, Domino’s can gather data to help impact heading. Domino’s qualities, shortcomings, openings, and dangers have changed many occasions over. The whole pizza industry has advanced into a profoundly serious exhibit of corporate mammoths. But, it stays critical to play out a SWOT investigation as regularly as could be expected under the circumstances. Domino’s qualities incorporate their capacity to stay sound, despite the fact that affected, by their opposition. Besides, their visionary way to deal with making a superior customer experience by growing better assembling techniques is at the frontal area. Difficult work, determination, and thinking outside the pizza box have been Domino’s recipe for progress. In spite of the fact that not the market head, Domino’s Pizza is perceived as the pioneer of advancement. The pizza business is packed with organizations attempting to exceed each other with an item that isn't generally welcomed whenever wandered excessively far from the first. Domino’s chose to make an offer past the item. Tom Monaghan’s objective of consummating the pizza conveyance was tried when Domino’s indeed increased current standards. In 1986, Domino’s Pizza made a trademark and produced a forceful publicizing effort trying to separate themselves from other pizza organizations. Exploiting a restless purchaser base, Domino’s touted, â€Å"you get new, hot pizza conveyed to your entryway in a short time or lessâ€or it’s free. † Competition mixed to discover an answer, yet without the mechanization created and conveyed by Domino’s it would be unimaginable. Domino’s was the first to utilize a creation mechanical production system strategy for delivering pizzas. A belt-driven pizza stove created a consistent stream of pizzas permitting the assembling and conveyance procedure to get reasonable, and for the most partâ€predictable. Domino’s rode the rush of accomplishment for a long time. Comfort for the purchaser was a distinct preferred position. During this time, Domino’s Pizza opened a few thousand new establishments and was assuming control over the market. At that point as fast as the creative out of control fire had spread, it was stifled. The market energy was immediately lost when a lady in St. Louis was included a car crash with a Domino’s Pizza conveyance driver. News transformed into terrible exposure and in 1993 the 30-minute assurance was ended. Domino’s quality, the ‘S’ in a SWOT examination, was their capacity to create and convey an item quicker and more effectively than their opposition. Not advancing the 30-minute assurance made a level playing field permitting the concentration to move toward item and cost. In any case, Domino’s had proceeded with the utilization of their belt-driven pizza creation broiler and consequently better situated to contend in the pizza value wars. Domino’s Pizza uncovered a few shortcomings, the ‘W’ in a SWOT examination, in their way to deal with promoting and advertising. A fleeting detestable character named The Noid was utilized to advance the way that Domino’s could convey a new hot pizza even on the coldest days. They had the option to perform such an accomplishment, when others battled, in light of the fact that they created an alternate sort of pizza box. The message was not that Domino’s Pizza perceived the way that nobody needs a cool pizza and offered a cure, yet rather an irritating invented character was prowling in order to ruin your pizza. The Noid was fleeting advertising pattern that created more turmoil

Women and traditional roles in girl interupted essays

Ladies and conventional jobs in young lady interupted expositions Movies disclose to us stories and present us with qualities and messages about our general public and what should be changed. In the film Girl, Interrupted, Susannas battle with self-revelation and her battle to discover a spot in the public eye shows the view that the ladies who don't fit into customary jobs ought to be segregated from standard society given that they represent the danger of progress. Unmistakably ladies like Susanna, who have little desire in turning into a duplicate of their mom, are viewed as a danger and in this way delegated insane. Susanna is obviously misconstrued by her companions just as the power figures throughout her life. She is certifiably not a savage however a little youngster baffled with her restricted choices for what's to come. At the point when Susanna is held after class by her educator to examine why she is the main senior not going on to school, she attempts to connect for help from her instructor by clarifying that she's not an addict but rather she is worried about winding up like her mom. The educator doesn't hear this and cases that there are more alternatives for ladies today. Susanna is attempting to open up and look for some direction, yet the main arrangement she gets is that she gets is to begin acting like every other person. This scene uncovers how separated and caught Susanna feels, no one appears to comprehend her even her folk s don't have a clue how to manage her. The individuals she is connecting with, dismiss her aspirations of being a craftsman, as something to do in her extra time, and spot social weight on her to do what is normal. Indeed, even her companions hope for something else from her; at the after-grade party the kid that is attempting to get her is discussing his grant and future, however this doesn't intrigue Susanna. He considers this to be bizarre and is eager to trust her when she kids about joining the Krishna's since she appears to have no arrangement for the futu ... <!

Lodger

Lodger DID YOU KNOW? This World Cup was the first time that a country qualified no longer existed at the time of competition Serbia-Montenegro split into separate countries a few weeks before the beginning of the event. One other thing that you can see in Berlin is two-hundred-something bears, each one decorated by one of the countries in the United Nations. Or you could just finish reading this picture entry and see the coolest of the bears. Ill be brief, for the sake of wit. First, Ling 07, Kendall 07, and I got a picture in front of the very popular United States bear. Were right in between the United Kingdom bear, who appears to be some bizarre amalgamation of Austin Powers and John Lennon, and the United Arab Emirates bear. My roommate Kunal poses with the India bear. And Ling 07 and Yue Han 05 likewise pose with the sassy China bear. Pascal, from FRANCE (how could you be named Pascal and not from France?) shows some World Cup spirit with the pimped-out France bear. His chest features not one, not two, but at least three Eiffel Towers. The Spain bear featured this great mosaic-imitating design. The Canada bear, which I inexplicably neglected to get a picture of, featured a real mosaic made out of broken tea pots, many of which prominently feature the inscription Made in England. For Mitra, here is the Iran bear. For Ruth, who was once asked to say something in Georgian while teaching SAT Prep through ESP, here is the quite vibrant Georgia bear. For fans of The Arcade Fire, here is the Haiti bear. The Bolivia bear is kind of creepy. But the Brazil bear might cheer him up with the village soccer players in his tummy. The Moldova bear is informative. Notice the Moldovian currency it has stuck in its eyes. The Ireland bear just bearly edges out the US and UK for most stereotypical bear. Nevertheless, it is adorable. But in the midst of all these whimsical and charming and culture-celebrating bears, we find the Serbia bear and it makes you think. As does this memorial placed in the center of the bears, commemorating the site of a Nazi book burning ?the inscription reads, approximately, That was a prelude, here where one burns books, will one in the end burn people. Heinrich Heine, 1820. I should be allowed to think.

Fidel Castro And His Legacy - 2042 Words

8 Chandler Dixon English 1101 Final Paper December 13, 2016 Fidel Castro and His Legacy Was Fidel Castro the Tyrant of the Caribbean or a Great Revolutionary? With the recent death of one of the Western Hemisphere?s most recognizable rulers, the question arises as to the legacy of Castro and his Cuba. Castro is well known among the Baby-Boomers and Generation X citizens of the United States and Latin America. While in the United States we are taught one view of Castro as a tyrant, many citizens of Cuba and other third-world-countries and a very different view of Cuba?s greatest leader. The life of Fidel Castro is forever associated with the story of the Cuban Revolution. In modern times no revolutionary movement is more identified with†¦show more content†¦His revolutionary victory over Batista came very quickly. Many of the primary landowners, business owners, professionals, and clergy stayed in Cuba, hoping that they could influence the new government. They hoped to protect their considerable privileges they held under Batista, but that was not in Castro?s plan for Cuba. In 1959, Castro was appointed prime minister and began to introduce measures that would distribute the wealth and increase financial support in the rural areas of Cuba. In May, an agricultural reform act limited the size of most farms. The government also began to build hundreds of new schools and training thousands of additional teachers. Health care was extended to the entire population for the first time with the construction of clinics and hospitals in the countryside and plantation areas of Cuba. Education and health care are the two most significant contributions that Castro has left as a legacy. Fagen reported that Castro was perceived as a charismatic leader by a large portion of the Cuban population. He also stated that Castro?s ?voice and visage blanketed the island? (p. 278) in the early years of his reign. But the use of revolutionary tribunals to judge and then execute approximately 500 members of Batista?s police and security agencies was popular with the Cuban masses. This forced many of those who had been associated with the old regime to seek refuge abroadShow MoreRelatedLa Historia Me Absolvera also known as History Will Absolve Me1112 Words   |  5 Pagesits own war, the revolution, when they caught up in the international politics of the Cold War. The interaction between international and domestic politics played a major role in the outcome of the revolution. The result of the revolution left Fidel Castro in charge of Cuba. The Platt Amendment states that the United States has the ability to interfere at various points in Cuba’s history. This gave America the ability to better serve its own interests in the region, including sugar productionRead MoreKarl Marx s Interpretation Of Communism1148 Words   |  5 PagesEver since Karl Marx’s famous interpretation of communism, which masses have read through his writings, many other people have sought power to turn capitalist societies into perfectly communist ones, each in their own ways. Two of those people who left a strong legacy behind them are Joseph Stalin and Fidel Castro. Each worldview will be contrasted and compared. People do not turn into communist figures overnight. It is usually some event that happens in an individual’s life that will make them questionRead MoreFidel Castro Is Alive1443 Words   |  6 Pages Upon his release, Castro went to Mexico where he spent the next year organizing the 26th of July Movement, which was based on the date of the failed Santiago de Cuba barracks attack. On December 2, 1956, Castro and the rest his fellow rebels of the 26th of July Movement landed on Cuban soil with the intention of starting a revolution. They were only met with the welcome of heavy Batista defenses, causing nearly everyone in the Movement to be killed. Barely anyone escaped, and those who did whichRead MoreFidel Castro And The Cuban Revolution943 Words   |  4 PagesThe infamous Cuban dictator, Fidel Castro was born on a farm on August 13,1926 and he is currently 89 years old. He was the third child out of six. His full name was Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz Fidel Castro. He was not born into a poor family, his father Angel happened to be a very wealthy sugar plantation owner. At the time Cuba’s economy was not thriving, but Castro still grew up in wealthy conditions. He went to a private boarding school to receive his education. There he became a star studentRead MoreFidel1450 Words   |  6 PagesOrganization Leadership - Assignment Fidel Castro is one of the most recognizable leaders in world history. He led Cuba as Prime Minister and, subsequently, as President for almost fifty years. He was born and raised upper-middle class as his father was a very successful farmer and did quite well for himself and his family. There were several key events that led to Castro’s rise as a powerful leader and shaped him into the man who successfully led the Cuban revolution. First of allRead MoreThe Revolution Of The Revolutionary Revolution1195 Words   |  5 PagesHunter Sharp Mon/Wed 2:15 Final Paper There have been revolutions which were dominated by important personalities, creating personalist regimes. Revolutionary leaders including Napoleon Bonaparte, Vladimir Lenin, and Fidel Castro have been both an embodiment of revolutionary ideas and an antithesis to many of the original ideals of their respective revolutions. Napoleon Bonaparte During the French Revolution, the poor and oppressed majority are fighting to get a place in society, and get naturalRead MoreEssay about Cubas Government and Ernesto Guevara1461 Words   |  6 PagesArgentine born Marxist guerrilla who helped oust the corrupt Cuban government and set up a communist system 90 miles from the US. Che under the leadership of Fidel Castro helped lead a small guerrilla band of soldiers to take over the country. After the old government was out Che helped Castro decide communism as the way to go for Cuba. He helped Castro try to quickly industrialize the country, set up social reforms to try, and make Cuba a better place for its citizens. Che supported the struggle againstRead MoreBiography Of Ernesto Che 1545 Words   |  7 Pagessmart and seen by his peers both as thrill-seeker and a leader. Ernesto was a respectable student even though he regularly defied authority. He had aspirations to attend college to study engineering until his grandmother su ffered a stroke and died several years later. Due to the emotional impact of these events he decided to become a doctor. He was accepted to Faculty of Medicine at the University of Buenos Aires. Ernesto was brilliant student who did extremely well in his studies. He workedRead MoreWhat Was the Cause of the Cuban Revolution?1245 Words   |  5 Pagespassed energy over to his competitors. He had partners to US companies (and is alleged to have had partners to organized criminal activity, just like in Godfather Aspect 2). In 1951 he joined the competition to become President again, but when a study revealed him in last position he organized a second hen house and seized energy again. After the 1952 hen house Batista experienced large community disapproval and municipal disobedience, along with a revolt cause by Fidel Castro which was mashed (dontRead MoreThe Cultural Influences Of Cuba Essay1177 Words   |  5 Pagesthis year, the Cuban government seized all of the cars, and owns them all of this day. Most of the pre-1995 cars in the country are from the United States. Bacardi rum was originally manufactured in Cuba. However the brand moved to Puerto Rico after Fidel castors takeover in 1959. Cuba actually possesses one of the best health care systems anywhere in the world! The typically life expectancy is equal to any other progressive nation. Earnest Hemingway wrote â€Å"for whom the bell tolls† and â€Å"the old man

Why to Use Market Economy Essay - 749 Words

There are four types of economy, command, market, mixed, and traditional. A command economy is an economy where government control the economy. In market economy is there is a minimum amount of government control. A mixed economy is an economy that blends command and market economy together. A traditional economy is an economic system that is often used in rural areas. Among these four economic system, Mr.Robbins should use market economy for his new island, because market economy bring many benefits to a country. First, a market economy pushes businesses to make cheaper, better quality products so more people will buy the product that is being produced. The more options on the market, the more competitions. This results in higher profit†¦show more content†¦To conclude, consumers are the rulers of the market economy and they decide what products will flourish. Furthermore, market economy gives more economic freedom than command, mixed, and traditional economy. In a market economy, there is more economic freedom and less government intervention. Entrepreneurs would not have to wait for permission from the government to make an innovation. Economic freedom leads to higher income for the poor. According to an article written by Robert A. Lawson, a professor of Economics, economic freedom can rise the income of the poor. With higher income, there will be less people in poverty. Economic freedom is vital for economic growth. For example, North Korea use command economy and South Korea use market economy after Korea was divided. Now, North Korea’s economy failed, but South Korea’s economy prospered. As you can see, a market economy with a high degrees of economic freedom can lead to prosperity. As a final point, economic freedom can bring many benefits to a country, such as the freedom to innovate, higher income, and economic gr owth. On the other hand, some people might say that a traditional, command, or mixed economy are better than market economy. They might say that a market economy does not bring benefits to the government, then kids will not be able to get anShow MoreRelatedBussiness Qa Essay1476 Words   |  6 Pagesthe opportunity? 2. Why do companies tend to thrive in global markets when their country of origin enjoys a comparative advantage in their industry? 3. Explain how to calculate the balance of trade. How does the growing United States trade deficit impact the economy? Why? 4. Explain the meaning of â€Å"strong† currency and â€Å"weak† currency. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? 5. Why is outsourcing such an attractive wayRead Morebusiness q@a Essay example725 Words   |  3 Pagesby Congress Treasury Department spent money on an auto industry 3. Compare and contrast microeconomics and macroeconomics. How do the two approaches interrelate? Use a specific example to explain. Microeconomics deals with Business, Consumers and families. Macroeconomics is the overall standing of the country’s economy When these two work together a business can be successful; Macro looks over the rate of growth of the company. As Micro is more of looking over the supply and demandRead MoreDoes Trade Liberalisation Promote Long Run Economic Growth?1576 Words   |  7 PagesDoes trade liberalisation promote long-run economic growth? INTRODUCTION: While in principle, trade liberalisation promotes long-run economic growth by the means of markets expansion for goods, human and physical capital associated with technological and managerial learning; however, it largely destabilizes Global South economies. On the one hand, proponents indicate a cause-effect relationship between trade openness and economic growth, citing Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan. On theRead MoreWhy Unemployment Is Important?1384 Words   |  6 Pages 5.8 percent is the current unemployment rate for the month of October in 2014 in the United States. Why talking about unemployment is important? Well, information about unemployment and other market forces will be very helpful to the reader when the time of talking and explaining how the neoclassical economics, market forces operating in the labor market, assure that the economy will not suffer from prolonged bouts or periods of high unemployment occurs. Economists define unemployment as: a personRead MoreEssay about Economics Question and Answers1254 Words   |  6 PagesChapter 1: The Power of Markets What are the two basic assumptions that economists make about individuals and firms? Economists have two basic assumptions which keeps the economy in check. One is that people try to make themselves as versatile as possible maximizing their overall potential. The other is that a firm would do what it needs to make the most profit possible. What is the role and significance of prices in the market economy? Prices in a market economy are very important. Price allowsRead MoreEconomic Development Of China Through Marxian Economics And Neoclassical Economics1618 Words   |  7 Pagesregional leader with the potential to become a global power. With respect to economics, China’s capitalist market has become a key international player in global politics. One way of conceptualizing the phenomenon of economic expansion in China is through the examination of traditional and contemporary IR theories. China’s remarkable economic growth, which exemplifies their â€Å"socialist market economy model,† can be conceptualized by the structural change in the country’s internal dynamics such as institutionalRead MoreMonetary Policy And Fiscal Policy850 Words   |  4 PagesGovernment uses the monetary policy and fiscal policy to establish and determine the best way to manage the economy. Monetary policy is used by the Federal Reserve to manage the money supply. This include s credit, cash, check, and money market mutual funds, with loans, bonds, and mortgages being the most important. This policy can be broken into two categories: monetary restraint and monetary expansion. As it states, one is trying to restrain the market while the other expresses expanding the market. WithRead MoreAssignment1318 Words   |  6 Pagesuntapped international market can strengthen a business tremendously—but what if the costs outweigh the benefits for the market itself? China has long been an important player on the global stage, but recent advances in manufacturing, natural resources, and energy production have catapulted the expansive country to the forefront of international trade. Currently the world’s fastest growing major economy, China is set to eclipse the United States as the world’s largest economy by 2016. Among variousRead MoreFuctions of Government in the Market Economy648 Words   |  3 PagesGovernments Function Five major functions play a role of government in the market economy. The five functions consist that governments provide framework for legal or social, sustain the competition, support public services, national protection, income and social welfare, and stabilize the economy. When markets and policies are functioning incorrectly the government provides support to help correct situations when the market fails. As well as, managing the overall pace of economic activity, strivingRead MoreThe Impact Of Smartphone Industry On The United Kingdom And Germany1703 Words   |  7 Pagescountry’s market and state which one had done better. I will explain which PESTL factors influenced the industry for both countries and will explain why the economic recession impacted the industry. Findings and discussion Market Sizes Market sizes for Germany Germany has seen an overall growth in the smartphone market industry, growth of 3,148,100 units in market size from 24,311,000 units in 2007 to 27,459,100 units in 2015. From the graph above, we can see the smartphones market in Germany

Eugenics in Nazi Germany Free Essays

The use of eugenics, or â€Å"racial hygiene† by the Nazi regime. Hitler’s intention as a political leader was to expand his empire and create a world government. Using the war as a preface to the mass genocide inflicted upon not only several racial and religious groups. We will write a custom essay sample on Eugenics in Nazi Germany or any similar topic only for you Order Now He failed at expanding his empire and cleansing the population of all â€Å"genetic disorders† and what was considered defects in the general population. Though he did allow several hundred thousand mentally ill, physically handicapped, individuals deemed â€Å"unworthy† of life. Nazi Physicians were able to disguise their plans to annihilate what they regard as useless eaters. After public protest, Hitler orders a halt to the killing programs, but they are inevitably continued in secrecy. Under the disguise of war, Hitler sought to hide the mass extermination of those that Germany believed were â€Å"unworthy† of life. Individuals who were mentally retarded, physically handicapped or mentally ill were targeted for murder in a disguised euthanasia killing operation codenamed by the Nazis as â€Å"Operation T-4†. Nazi Germany used Hereditary Health Courts to register every known case of hereditary illness, diagnosed victims were able to use Appeal courts but few decisions were ever reversed. Germany was dominated by National Socialists for twelve years in which political, civil, and medical authorities targeted any individuals who suffered from hereditary diseases, persons with disabilities, and those individuals suffering from mental illness for procedures that would lead to death. In the beginning, Individuals marked for death would be bused to a psychiatric institution where Nazi officials used methods like lethal injection and disguised carbon monoxide gas chambers to eliminate any individuals they marked as â€Å"genetic parasites†. In labor camps the SS dispatched, in addition, 2,960 prisoners from Mauthausen and 1,881 from Gusen, a total of 4. 841 prisoners, to the Hartheim sanatorium and â€Å"euthanasia† killing center to be killed. Using procedures that were to be later instituted in the death camps, workers removed the corpses from gas chambers, extracted any gold teeth, and brought the bodies to the crematoria to be burned together and eventually placed in urns and prepared for the family in the event that the family requested the remains. After public protest against the euthanasia killings, Adolf Hitler ordered a halt to the Euthanasia Program. According to internal calculations and data gathered during the T-4 program, 70,273 institutionalized mentally and physically disabled people were killed at six gassing facilities between January 1940 and August 1941. Despite Hitler’s public â€Å"halt† to the Euthanasia program, the Child â€Å"euthanasia† program continued as before. One year after Hitler’s public halt to all euthanasia killing on August 1942, German medical professionals and healthcare workers resumed the killings in a more concealed manner than previous programs. Historians estimate that the â€Å"Euthanasia† Program, in all its phases, claimed the lives of 200,000 individuals. Nazi ideals for society include a population that is cleansed of all â€Å"genetic diseases† or any individual considered a useless eater. This belief was backed by scientists in Germany because they were influenced by a desire to use eugenics to perform â€Å"racial hygiene†, many supporters were medical professionals such as, physicians or psychiatrists. These medical professionals observed the population and made decisions about which individuals would be included in the euthanasia program. Individuals included were mostly mentally retarded, physically handicapped, or the mentally ill. How to cite Eugenics in Nazi Germany, Papers

Reconsidering Outsourcing Solutions †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Reconsidering Outsourcing Solutions. Answer: Introduction This course has truly been eye-opening in my journey as a business student. In class this course has given me a chance to explore and work through new business ideas and concepts and expand my understanding of the business world. I continue to advance my learning through interchange of professional ideas with both my peers and faculty. I have been able to participate fully in pushing my learning experience to the maximum through a number of action-oriented activities such as case studies and simulations. This in turn has helped me to build my critical thinking, expand my knowledge and improve my thought process. During the course of my study Iacquired important knowledge in class especially concerning business research into outsourcing.The competencies I have so far acquired give me belief that am pursuing the right professional career and that I am getting properly equipped to respond to real-world challenges once I graduate. Furthermore, I gained insight about important business functions such as outsourcing where a company entrusts non-core business functions to external parties. These vendors assume the responsibility of delivering agreed services to the principal for a fee. Generally the activities or functions that are outsourced are those that the company feels that they can be performed from an offshore point(Freytag Clarke 2012).Most common functions that companies outsource include processing payroll, inventory management and call center services. I have come to appreciate the importance of this type of practice as well as the probable risks that may arise. Some of the advantages associated with outsourcing include the ability of the company to cut down on costs. I learnt some interesting scenario about how to take advantage of geography in outsourcing. Companies are able to negotiate for provision of some functions at a much cheaper rate than if they were to undertake the function on their own(Freytag Clarke 2012).An endearing example that I can remember is where there is significant difference in wages between say America and Asia. If a function can adequately be performed in Asia, then it makes logical sense to have this function transferred to Asia at a much lower cost but with same value addition.Outsourcing also bring the element of added efficiency since outsourcing partners have years of experience undertaking such a function which in most cases is their core function and specialty. By virtue of this specialization, outsourcing offers a variety of skilled human resources that can satisfactorily address the function as may be required(Freytag Clarke 2012).The end product of all this is faster and more satisfying service delivery. However much as outsourcing is good, I learnt during the fourth week that it can bring about serious and negative impact if it is not handled appropriately. Top on the list is the possibility of losing confidentiality of sensitive information to parties outside of the intended persons. There is also a chance that an outsourcing partner delivers poor services especially if they do not have prior experience handling such outsourced processes. I undertook a number of activities regarding business research. Essentially it entails a practical study where a company or individual seeks to obtain important data relating to customer experience, cost or a new product(Freytag Clarke 2012).This information is then analyzed and fine-tuned to help make management decisions. Business research may include consumer feedback, analysis of the market competition or financial data. Business managers would then use this information to better understand their business standing as well as know the position such a business holds in the market and how to improve it. I decided to draw a list of questions which I used to collect data from a number of company managers. I personally went to interview persons to gather relevant information about outsourcing. I sent out by mail other questionnaires to firms that were distant. I also did online research about past research findings and how these finds can influence the outcome of my research.Additionally, I made telephone calls to certain firms with a view to getting their opinion on a particular subject. I considered the appropriateness of the methodology to use in harvesting data. During this stage I decided on which quantitative techniques to use in analyzing the data I had collected.I then came up with a sample that I believe was representative of the population. I have learnt of the necessity to dig up the related literature of the business topic under research so that I can get the historical perspective of the subject(Collis Hussey 2013). This background information then constituted further discussion in the report. The process of research offered me insight in various functional processes of a business especially my research in outsourcing. Outsourcing is a common practice in most modern organisations. I realized that businesses should undertake their own research to determine the aspects of their functions and processes can be outsourced profitably.Any business worth its name must conduct a research, however limited, to understand its target customers or simply market trends. This helps the firm to strategically position itself in the market and take advantage of opportunities that competitors may not be aware of(Collis Hussey 2013). With insightful information collected from the market, a business will be able to predict trends and avoid possible problems in the future. Most importantly though is the fact that awareness of market conditions is likely to guide informed decision-making which will ultimately achieve profitability- a key objective of almost all going concerns. Researching and ou tsourcing will help companies to develop not only better products and services but also produce what is relevant to customers ever-changing tastes at a cheaper rate. Through business research a manager can analyze how individual department within the organization is performing(Collis Hussey 2013). With proper projections, necessary adjustments can be made to determine which functions can be outsourced profitably. There are various types of research that a business can undertake to attain informed decision-making regarding outsourcing. This entails a business conducting focused and periodic surveys in the market to establish market dynamics and responding appropriately to those changing patterns in the market. Other researches may include performing a budget variance analysis on a quarterly basis and comparing with projected overhead costs. All in all, business research will help any business stay ahead of competition and also help management make decisions that are consistent with the needs of target market. With limited funds, a business can take a simple online survey which can yield quick yet easy-to-understand data. Alternatively this function can be outsourced to companies that have a historical understanding of business research (Collis Hussey 2013). The hypothesis for the research revolved around the effect of outsourcing on the organization.It detailed the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing. Upon further research it became evident to me that outsourcing in departments of business is a very common practice. This included human resource functions such as payroll. Generally, the companies that employed the strategy of outsourcing seem to enjoy certain freedoms and can focus on key functions of their business. The last week entailed focusing the skills gained in a work related environment. These skills I have acquired are very important both to the company and also as an individual. They go a long way in satisfying the requirements of my degree. As an individual I feel empowered to act appropriately as a business student. I have developed further understanding of the various functions that businesses undertake and how these functions can positively or adversely affect the overall success of a business. I have also understood why business opts to outsourcefor non-core functions and processes. On a personal level I can infuse this knowledge into administration of our family business. For instance, I am in a position to conduct appropriate customer surveys to gauge market dynamics By applying the skills I have acquired in my future work place and profession I believe I will offer valuable solutions to the many problems that continue to bedevil start-ups. This information is the kind that can make a great difference between a business succeeding or suffering irreparable breakdown. As a prospective chief executive of a multinational corporation, I believe I have added one vital aspect of progressive management. This course has equipped me with the right knowledge to understand outsourcing in its entirety. As a future leader I will ensure thorough understanding of market dynamics through a properly developed outsourcing model before making any decisions that are likely to affect the economic outlook of the company. Bibliography Collis, J. and Hussey, R., 2013.Business research: A practical guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Palgrave macmillan. Freytag, P.V., Clarke, A.H. and Evald, M.R., 2012. Reconsidering outsourcing solutions.European Management Journal,30(2), pp.99-110.

Addiction of Digital Media in Society

Introduction Electronic media sparked a revolution in the 21st Century. The internet use became an explosive venture and the World Wide Web produced an avenue for multiple options for venturing into multimedia. All this took place so fast and soon there was a global newsfeed reaching millions through interactive media.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Addiction of Digital Media in Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Television formats became innovative, websites turned to be interactive, and there came the emergence of handheld media digital devices. Currently, this rapid formation and the transformation of the landscape of digital news bring about a divide in the American community regarding the influences of digital news. One group enjoys the coming of an enlightened future with an enrichment of the discourse of media production and presentation of news. At the same time, another section has concerns regard ing the problems the advancements in technology such as national apathy and digital addiction. Neill Postman takes a particular view on television’s impact on journalism. Quayle agrees on some points with Postman but disagrees on others. Kelley writes rather informally about the effects of current technology on attention span in taking in news. Addiction of digital media Dr. Mark Kelley of the New England School of Communications is the director of journalism. Through his, â€Å"An apology to the 4G Generation† he issued an evidence filled warning regarding technology dependency. He notes that the constant use of digital media leads to an addiction, which leaves people with an uncontrollable desire to use it as much as they may not be ready to accept (Kelley, 2012). The development of thoughts and sustenance of learning depends of focus. It is a skill relevant to the interpretation of news information, but according to Kelly, the digital media deny people from exercisi ng that ability. Digital multitasking leads to deterioration of attention, and that is evident of addiction. The increase of addiction to digital media reduces performance levels in school and at the workplace. At the same time, digital dependency robs people of their lives, and it is responsible to the strained relationships, increase in school dropouts and joblessness (Kelly, 2012).   A serious problem leads to the development of treatment centers to help people suffering from technology dependency. This is contrary to the belief of the breakthrough believed to be the doing of digital media because it is enslaving people to its use. The changes in news presentation Kelly presents his account of Neil Postman’s book, Amusing Ourselves to Death – Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business, where there is the prediction of the destruction technology would present to the society. He acknowledges the fact of technology robbing people of the power of reading and synthes izing information through personal attention.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More That is what digital media is doing to the society presently. Postman foresaw the erosion of human intellect through the influences of technology. He was clear that, through technology, people would lose their attention of natural lives and analogously stimulation without any interest to seeking for information. He questions the formatting of news as much as it is seems to be a new discourse for the modern day America. The worry presented is the contentment people have with the news formatting. He felt that there were remarkably few people seeing any peculiarity with its presentation with the turns of turning the process into more of a business venture than information provision. News is for brief passing on information and not straining of the attention listening by trying to stimulate them. Man y people take information presented to them without any focus on the real implications (Postman, 1985). Alternatives beyond digital media addiction Quayle agrees to the concerns of Postman on the entertainment infiltration into news. However, he feels that, during the initial sessions of news presentations, limited channels made squeezing of news with other programs the only option and that limitation accounted for the briefness. However, that has changed and there are multiple outlets leaving news presentation with the need for attracting specific audiences. Today’s news focus more on entertainment than information passing and that is cause for dissent to technology dependency and addiction. That is the society in the current world with too much addiction to technology as put by Kelly because of the current upsurge of digital media. It is a position that is turning the identity of the society and transforming the discourse of education because people are incapable of using t echnology in moderation. Given the point at which situations have reached, creating sobriety in technology use will be an extremely tough struggle. It is one with multiple cases of withdrawal experienced in all other forms of addiction. Maybe, after recovery as Matt Quayle puts it, people could see the advantages of digital media. He feels that there is an alternative to the amusement from technology (Quayle, 2010). According to him, the collection and consumption of news has faced so many changes with the availability of internet chat, hand held gadget, social media, emails and cell phones. This reason brings the need for a smart television presentation, which is not in the consideration of Postman. He feels that the society has the opportunity for using these new technologies to access information, learn and develop as a new discourse to societal advancement. However, amidst all these optimistic regard for technology, Quayle recognizes the fast pace of technology evolution beyond the analytic capabilities of the society. He accepts that it is responsible for the possibilities of diminishing of public discourse (Quayle, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Addiction of Digital Media in Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion Indeed, the community is at crossroads regarding the advancement of technology and the emergence of digital media. There are concerns regarding the enrichment and erosion of the constructs of the society because of dependency on new media. With concerns of addiction and promotion of insight, the options are in the hands of the audience, though much research and sensitization is necessary to promote sobriety in the society. The projections of Postman regarding the damage technology have had on news, and modes of its presentation, is confirmation of when one focuses on the changes presented by the digital media. At the same time, this is a position confirm ed by Kelley when he relates the damages of digital media to a similar level of addiction caused by dependency in narcotics. It is a point of concern because it could lead to withdrawal and distraction of the discourses of education and community. This is because it is robbing viewers of their abilities for synthesizing information through attraction of too much attention. This is a similar positioning of Quayle who agrees in part to the distractive nature of technology, though, he believes that there are alternatives, which people can explore to make a better use of technology. He feels that it is no longer time for amusement to death as presented by Postman but that people can make adequate use of digital media to advance and develop their lives without plunging into the sea of addictions. References Kelley, M. (2012). An Apology to the 4G Generation. Bangor Daily News, 13 May 2012. Retrieved From:  https://bangordailynews.com/2012/05/13/opinion/an-apology-to-the-4g-generation/ 13 February 2013 Postman, N. (1985). Amusing Ourselves to Death: Public Discourse in the age of Show Business. New York: Viking Penguin Inc. Quayle, M. (2010). The Method of the Medium is the Motion. ETC: A Review of General Semantics. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Addiction of Digital Media in Society was written and submitted by user Alyvia N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Rhetorical Analysis of The First Kiss by John Updike Essays

A Rhetorical Analysis of The First Kiss by John Updike Essays A Rhetorical Analysis of The First Kiss by John Updike Paper A Rhetorical Analysis of The First Kiss by John Updike Paper In the essay titled The First Kiss, author John Update portrays baseball as a love-hate relationship with its fans. Update effetely conveys his message by appealing to pathos using metaphors, personification, and rhetorical questions. He begins with a metaphor stating, The many-headed monster called the Fenny Faithful yesterday resumed its romance with 25 youngish men in red socks who last year broke its monstrous big heart. He describes the fans of baseball as a many-headed monster implying that they are aggressive from the passion that they feel for that sport. He goes on by saying that they resumed their romance with the ones who broke they heart. That suggests that even though the team had many losses last season, they will still be devoted to them at the beginning of next season. He then begins to express how the love turns to hate by stating, braced for the first kiss of another prolonged entanglement, then asks a rhetorical question, in. ho can forget the ups and downs of last years fling? he refers to the first hit of the baseball season as the first kiss, and the first kiss is always he sweetest. Next he uses personifications expressing that baseball did the cruelest tease. Hes referring to their great win streak against their number one enemy, the Yankees, but ends up losing to them because of a cheap home run. Update displays how fed up the team was by exclaiming, Enough. Youll never get us to care again, Red Sox. He puts emphasis on the word enough by making it a one word sentence. He does this to show how sick and tired the fan s and they are at their last straw. Update then returns back to the love between the fans and baseball by eating, But monster have short memories, elastic hearts, and very foldable faculties. Once again he refers the fans as monsters because he defines monsters of having short memories and elastic hearts; they quickly forget about all the bad that has happened in the past and will continue to adore them. Therefore, by using metaphors, personifications, and rhetorical questions about the ups and downs of relationships, Update effectively conveys the message that theres a love-hate relationship between baseball and its fans.

Introduction to health behaviour change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Introduction to health behaviour change - Essay Example Prochaska and Velicer (1997) state that â€Å"health behavior change involves progress through six stages of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination.† The first two stages often prove to be the most difficult for the smokers to cope with. The preparation and action stages can be implemented with some difficulties but through commitment, these can be overcome. Maintenance and termination are quite easy once the war against quitting smoking has been won. There are quite a number of benefits that can be achieved from health behaviour change in society and individual. Behaviour change among individuals who smoke is advantageous in that they will reduce the risks of contracting smoking related diseases such as lung cancer. For any smoker, it is never too late to quit smoking since this is the only strategy that can guarantee good healthcare. Behaviour change among smokers is also important to the society at large. Non smokers are affected through passive smoking so if smoking is eradicated, this means that the health of the nonsmokers is not negatively impacted by substances from tobacco smoke. There is growing evidence that both active and passive smoking are harmful to health in Hong Kong. According to McGhee et al. (2006), â€Å" In the Hong Kong population of 6.5 million in 1998, the annual value of direct medical costs, long term care and productivity loss was US$532 million for active smoking and US$156 million for passive smoking†¦Ã¢â‚¬  These statistics paint a gloomy picture over the state of healthcare system in the Hong Kong. Therefore, concerted efforts need to be taken in order to address this problem in society. Positive behaviour change has been identified as the best solution that can help address the problem. There are many advantages of adopting this strategy. The TTM significantly assists in changing the behaviour of the smokers in many ways. For instance, it is known that it

Speech word to word Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Speech word to word - Article Example They have built on setbacks and successes to materially better their position. Before the alliance was implemented, travelers were forced to change airlines and airplanes severally, recheck luggage, and keep track of multiple tickets to get to their final destination. After the alliance, a flight from Cairo to Des Moines is as simple as 1 ticket, a single luggage check-in, and an easy connection through Northwest/KLM hubs. WHY: To improve seating capacity and increase revenue. The deregulation of transatlantic flights during the 1990s resulted in increased air traffic, but with reduced prices for tickets, and this meant a decrease in revenue for airlines. The strategic alliance between Northwest Airlines and KLM signified a strategic sharing of routes as well as a joint operation of flights. This resulted in better use of seating capacity and revenue growth. Through this framework and model, Northwest and KLM have been able to demonstrate true commitment to sharing and advancing management practices in their particular relationship. This has led to concrete business results through alliance innovation and

Drug â€excipient Interaction of Anti-tubercular Drugs

Drug –excipient Interaction of Anti-tubercular Drugs Drug –excipient interaction of anti-tubercular drugs and its in-silico evaluation Abstract Isoniazid and Pyrazinamide are the first line anti tubercular drugs. Lactose is mainly used as the excipient in solid dosage forms of isoniazid and pyrazinamide. These drugs contains primary and secondary amino functional group which interacts with lactose by maillard reaction and form adduct. The maillard reaction adducts of isoniazid and pyrazinamide with lactose were synthesized at 60oC in alkaline borate buffer pH 9.2 and characterized by UV, FT-IR, DSC, HPLC and MS. Docking study for in-sillico evaluation of isoniazid-lactose adduct and pyrazinamide-lactose adduct was performed to study its effect on pharmacological activity. The present study shows the presence of incompatibility between isoniazid and pyazinamidewith lactose which leads to loss the therapeutic effect of isoniazid and pyrazinamide. Keywords: isoniazid, pyrazinamide, lactose, maillard reaction, excipient, incompatibility, dosage form. Introduction Excipients are traditionally better known as promoters of degradation than as stabilizers of drug substances (Crowley 1999). Physicochemical and physiological process e.g. stability, physiological pH, gastrointestinal transit time, disintegration, dissolution, permeability and bioavailability can be altered by drug excipient interaction (Jackson, Young et al. 2000). The interactions of drug with excipients can leads to changes in the chemical, physical and therapeutic properties can be termed as incompatibilities (Chadha and Bhandari 2014) and it may cause the drug degradation (Narang, Desai et al. 2012) and loss of pharmacological activity (Patil and Patil 2013). Lactose is most widely used as the excipient in the solid dosage forms. Lactose is available in different form and different grade with different physical characteristics. Lactose is very popular excipient because of low cost and inertness but in other hand lactose have interaction drug with amino functional group i.e. lact ose undergoes maillard [Monajjemzadeh, 2009]The maillard reaction is named Louis Maillard who reported over 80 years ago that some amine and reducing sugars interact each other and forms brown pigments. The first product of this reaction is simple glycosamine (Wirth, Baertschi et al. 1998). In this study, we attempted to explore the modes of interaction and energy binding of the different isomers of isoniazid adduct, pyrazinamide adduct and also study the biological activity of isoniazid adduct and pyrazinamide adduct compare with the help of various molecular modelling techniques. In treatment of tuberculosis, isoniazid and pyrazinamide are key components of first line regimen (Hemanth, Sudha et al. 2012). Isoniazid is chemically isonicotohydrazide and pyrazinamide is chemically pyrazine-2-carboxamide. Isoniazid and pyrazinamide is susceptible for hydrolysis and oxidation interact with excipient particularly carbohydrate and reducing sugars to form hydrazones. The hydrazone is mainly form by the interaction of isoniazid with lactose. There are also reported incompatibilities between lactose and other drugs containing primary and secondary amino functional group (Haywood, Mangan et al. 2005). In this study we were investigated the interaction between lactose with isoniazid and pyrazinamide for that different analytical technique were used and also done the in-sillico evaluation of isoniazid and pyrazinamide. Materials and methods Materials Isoniazid and Pyrazinamide was generously supplied as a gift sample by Macleods Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Wapi (Gujarat), India. Lactose monohydrate was purchased from Merck, Merck specialtiesPvt.Ltd. Mumbai, India. All other chemicals were of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and analytical grade. Methods Analytical methods UV-visible spectrophotometry The Ultraviolet-visible spectra of Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide and the Isoniazid–lactose adduct, Pyrazinamide-lactose adductwere recorded on a double beam UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-1700; Shimadzu, Japan). An accurately weighed quantity of about 10 mg of isoniazid, 10 mg of pyrazinamide, 11.66 mg isoniazid-lactose adduct (equivalent to 10 mg isoniazid), 13.33 mg of pyrazinamide-lactose adduct (equivalent to 10 mg pyrazinamide) each dissolved separately in 100 ml of distilled water. From this, one ml of solution was diluted to 10.0 mL with of distilled water to obtain concentration of 10 ppm. All solutionswere scanned in UV-Visible range at 420 and 490 nm (Yates, Jones et al. 2003). Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of isoniazid, pyrazinamide, lactose, a isoniazid–lactose physical mixture, pyrazinamide-lactose physical mixture and the isoniazid–lactose adduct, pyrazinamide-lactose were recorded. The spectra were obtained using the diffuse reflectance scan method using KBr on an FT-IR spectrophotometer (IR Affinity 1; Shimadzu, Japan). The scanning range was 400–4000 cm-1. Each sample was scanned 45 times consecutively to obtain FT-IR spectrum. HPLC analysis The HPLC (Gradient) system used for analysis consisted of Agilent Technologies 1200 series equipment, a G1315D quaternary pump, a G1315D diode array detector and a rheodyne injector fitted with a 20  µL loop. Data were recorded and evaluated using the EZChrome Elite software package. Samples were analyzed using LunaC18 column (250 Ãâ€" 4.6 mm i.d. Ãâ€" 5  µm) (Phenomenex) as stationary phase. The mobile phase was water: methanol (95:05, v/v), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min with detection at 266 nm for isoniazid and 269 nm for pyrazinamide. Differential scanning calorimetry Thermal analysis of Isoniazid, pyrazinamide, isoniazid–lactose adduct and pyrazinamide-lactose was performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) using a TA 6000 Mettler toledo thermal analyzer. Individual samples as well as the Maillard adduct (about 2 mg) were weighed in the DSC aluminum pan and were scanned in the temperature range of 25–300 °C. A heating rate of 10 °C/min was used. The thermograms were reviewed for evidence of interaction. Mass Spectrometry The Mass spectrometry was performed using 410 Prostar binary LC with 500 MS with Electro spray Positive ionization and Negative Ionization mode and Mass range is 50-2000 amu. The Isoniazid-lactose, Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct solution dissolved in mobile phase to obtain concentration about 100 µg/mL. In the positive ion mode with electrospray ionization technique, the sample was analyzed. Determination of lactose in pharmaceutical tablet dosage forms The presence of lactose in DOTs tablets was initially examined according to Indian Pharmacopoeia 2007 by taking 5ml saturated solution of tablet powder and then add 5ml 1 M NaOH, Heat and cool at room temperature finally add potassium cupri tatatarate the solution becomes red color shows presence of lactose. Preparation of adduct Sample Prepared in alkaline borate buffer Accurately weighed quantity of Isoniazid 300 mg (equivalent to dose of isoniazid) and 50 mg lactose monohydrate dissolve in alkaline borate buffer pH 9.2 by stirring and ultrasound in 100 ml round bottom flask. In similar way 750 mg pyrazinamide (equivalent to dose of pyrazinamide) was dissolve with 250 mg lactose monohydrate in alkaline borate buffer pH 9.2 in 100 ml round bottom flask. The cleared solutions were refluxed at 600C for 12 hour on water bath. The reaction mixture filtered was diluted with menthol: water (1:1). The adduct was subjected to HPLC analysis (gradient and isocratic run) and Mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. The intensity of brown color was determined was spectrophotometrically after dissolving weighed quantity in distilled water. Docking study The molecular docking tool, GLIDE (Schrodinger Inc., USA) (2006) was used for ligand docking study. The protein preparation was carried out using ‘protein preparation wizard’ in Maestro 9.0. Result UV-Visible spectroscopy The UV-visible absorption spectrum of the isoniazid–lactose adduct and pyrazinamide–lactose adduct had shown an increase in absorption in the visible range as compared with isoniazid and pyrazinamide in distilled water as the solvent. The increased absorption the visible region (brown color) is due to Melanoidins production as the end products of the Maillard reaction as reported earlier (Shen, Tseng et al. 2007). FT-IR spectroscopy The FT-IR absorption patterns of Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, lactose, Isoniazid–lactose physical mixture immediately after mixing and pyrazinamide-lactose physical mixture immediately after mixing as well as Isoniazid–lactose adduct, Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct were recorded. The peak at 1678 cm−1 in the IR spectrum of Isoniazid-lactose adduct, 1614 cm−1 Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct can be attributed to the imines formation. The peak of N–H bending is present at 1552 cm−1 and 1583 cm-1 in the IR spectrum of Isonizid and Pyrazinamide and its physical mixture respectively. The peak present in spectrum of Isonizid and Pyrazinamide and its physical mixture are absent in Isoniazid-lactose adduct and Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct both these observations support the formation of adduct. The N–H stretching band of secondary amine appears at 3302 cm−1 and at 3292 cm-1 for Isonizid and Pyrazinamide respectively. The peak for the lactose O–H appears at 3522 cm−1 in the infrared spectra of lactose. The peaks for N–H and O–H stretching appear in the spectrum of the physical mixture, but the peak for N–H disappears in the spectrum of the adduct. This may indicate the reaction of the amine with the red ucing sugar, or it may be due overlapping of N–H stretching peak with that of O–H. The FTIR spectra of Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Lactose physical mixture, Isoniazid-lactose adduct and Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct shows an interaction between Isoniazid and Pyrazinamide with lactose leading to the formation of a Maillard product (Pavia et al 2009). Differential scanning calorimetry The DSC thermograms show the presence of melting points for isoniazid and pyrazinamide at 171.61ÃŽ ¿C and 189.55 ÃŽ ¿C. The DSC thermogram of lactose shows the peak at 209.83 ÃŽ ¿C. The adduct shows the disappearance of the melting point peak of isoniazid, pyrazinamide, paracetamol and vildagliptine in adduct samples confirms the formation of adduct. Gradient HPLC analysis Initially a gradient run of water and methanol was performed to obtain preliminary information regarding the unknown peaks in maillard reaction products (Shen, Tseng et al. 2007). The mobile phase was optimized to separate the Isoniazid-lactose adduct and Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct was water: methanol (95:05, v/v) with a flow rate 0.8ml/min at ambient temperature. The Isoniazid-lactose adduct and Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct elutes at 3.833min and 1.613 min respectively. The control samples for isoniazid and pyrazinamide (without lactose) were also analyzed which proves method selectivity. Isocratic HPLC analysis The optimized isocratic HPLC analysis of the Isoniazid-lactose adduct and Pyrazinamide-lactose revealed one extra peak that eluted before Isoniazid and Pyrazinamide elution respectively. Performing analysis under same chromatographic parameters, no another peak was observed in control samples. Mass spectrometry The Isoniazid-lactose and Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct dissolve in mobile phase to obtain drug concentration about 100 µg/ml. In the positive ion mode with electrospray ionization technique, the sample was analyzed. The MS spectra show the precursor ion for Isoniazid-lactose adduct and Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct was protonated molecule ([M+H]+) m/z 463.3 and 448.1 respectively. The Isoniazid-lactose adduct and Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct molecular mass was consistent with Isoniazid-lactose adduct and Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct condensation product respectively. The loss of one water molecule from parent leads to maillard-type condensation product. Docking study Isoniazid In docking study, isoniazid shows binding with ARG-38 amino acid in the selected structure of protein (PDB code: 3I6N) and isoniazid-lactose adduct shows binding with ASN-72, SER-69, SER-173, ALA-134 and PRO-132 amino acid in the selected structure of protein (PDB code: 3I6N) as shown in Table No. 1.1. Pyrazinamide Pyrazinamide shows binding with ALA-131 amino acid in the selected structure of protein (PDB code: 3PL1) and pyrazinamide-lactose adduct shows binding with ASP-133 and LEU-131 amino acid in the selected structure of protein (PDB code: 3PL1). Discussion On the above observation difficulties in the formulating a new pharmaceutical dosage form have often experienced because of the interaction between the lactose and active ingredients itself i.e. isoniazid and pyrazinamide. Although the nature and intensity of this interaction may alter the stability, dissolution rate and consequently absorption of the drug and also affect the pharmacological effect. it indicates that such interactions involving in the formation of the complexes and it studied by different analytical techniques. The UV results shows increased absorption in the visible region (brown color) is due to Melanoidins production as the end products of the Maillard reaction as reported earlier in Shen, Tseng et al. 2007. The FTIR spectra of Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Lactose physical mixture, Isoniazid-lactose adduct and Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct shows peak of C=N it shows that formation of a Maillard product. HPLC analysis of the Isoniazid-lactose adduct and Pyrazinamide-lactose revealed one extra peak of impurity or maillard reaction product that eluted before Isoniazid and Pyrazinamide elution respectively. The MS spectra show the precursor ion for Isoniazid-lactose adduct and Pyrazinamide-lactose adduct and it has same molecular weight related to maillard-type condensation product. In the docking study of isoniazid adduct and pyrazinamide adduct shows more binding than isoniazid and pyrazinamide but this is pseudo results because this binding present at hydroxyl group and hydroxyl group are responsible for the increase excretion of the isoniazid and pyrazinamide and it may be reduces the therapeutic effect of isoniazid and pyrazinamide. In spite of that analytical study confirm the occurrence of maillard reaction product in lactose containing solid dosage forms of amino functional group containing drugs but lactose is still preferred as excipient in the isoniazid and pyrazinamide containing anti-tubercular formulation i.e. DOT’s. Conclusion The present study reports that antitubercular drugs i.e. isoniazid and pyrazinamide undergoes maillard reaction and that confirmed by UV, FT-IR, HPLC and MS. The docking study of isoniazid adduct and pyrazinamide adduct more binding than isoniazid and pyrazinamide but it is pseudo results pharmacologically the excretion of isoniazid and pyrazinamide increase and it ultimately reduces the therapeutic activity. A drugs- excipient interaction study can be actively used to the advantage of the formulator to increase the bioavailability of the drug. By compiling the data the use of lactose in the formulation of isoniazid and pyrazinamide, secondary amines needs to reconsideration. References: Chadha, R. and S. Bhandari (2014). Drug–excipient compatibility screening—Role of thermoanalytical and spectroscopic techniques. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis87: 82-97. Crowley, P. J. (1999). Excipients as stabilizers. Pharmaceutical science technology today2(6): 237-243. Haywood, A., et al. (2005). Extemporaneous isoniazid mixture: stability implications. Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research35(3): 181. Hemanth, A. K., et al. (2012). Simple and rapid liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of isoniazid and pyrazinamide in plasma. SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS9(1): 13-18. Indian Pharmacopoeia, (2007). Government of India, Ministry of health and family walefare, published by the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Gaziabad; vol. II III, pp. 658, 478, 628, 1009, 1008. Jackson, K., et al. (2000). Drug–excipient interactions and their affect on absorption. Pharmaceutical science technology today3(10): 336-345. MONAJJEMZADEH, F., HASSANZADEH, D., VALIZADEH, H., SIAHI-SHADBAD, M. R., MOJARRAD, J. S., ROBERTSON, T. A. ROBERTS, M. S. 2009b. Compatibility studies of acyclovir and lactose in physical mixtures and commercial tablets. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 73, 404-413. Narang, A. S., et al. (2012). Impact of excipient interactions on solid dosage form stability. Pharmaceutical research29(10): 2660-2683. PAVIA, D. L. 2009. Introduction to spectroscopy, CengageBrain. com Patil, D. D. and C. R. Patil (2013). Modification of pharmacological activity of nebivolol due to Maillard reaction. Pharmaceutical development and technology18(4): 844-851. Petrella, Stà ©phanie Gelus-Ziental, Nathalie Maudry, Arnaud Laurans, Caroline Boudjelloul, RachidSougakoff, Wladimir(2011).Crystal structure of the pyrazinamidase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: insights into natural and acquired resistance to pyrazinamide.PLoS One,6(1):e15785. Singh, Amit K Kumar, Ramasamy P Pandey, Nisha Singh, Nagendra Sinha, Mau Bhushan, AshaKaur, PunitSharma, SujataSingh, Tej P (2010). Mode of Binding of the Tuberculosis Prodrug Isoniazid to Heme Peroxidases BINDING STUDIES AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BOVINE LACTOPEROXIDASE WITH ISONIAZID AT 2.7 Ã… RESOLUTION.Journal of biological chemistry, 285(2): 1569-1576. Shen, S.-C., et al. (2007). An analysis of Maillard reaction products in ethanolic glucose–glycine solution. Food chemistry102(1): 281-287. Wirth, D. D., et al. (1998). Maillard reaction of lactose and fluoxetine hydrochloride, a secondary amine. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences87(1): 31-39. Yates, E. A., et al. (2003). Microwave enhanced reaction of carbohydrates with amino-derivatised labels and glass surfaces. Journal of Materials Chemistry13(9): 2061-2063.

Personal Response- Forrest Gump (Film) Essay

This film follows the life of Forest Gump who struggles to live outside the barriers that society has given him. Forrest is a little ‘slow’; although his mental impairment doesn’t seem to bother him. In fact, the naivetà © that comes from his limited understanding of the world around him gives Forrest a uniquely positive perspective of life. Forest overcomes the challenges in his life, becoming a star football player, a war hero, a successful businessman, and something of a pop icon. Through it all, however, there is one defining element in his life: his love for Jenny. She is never far from his thoughts, no matter what he’s doing or where he is. I believe the director uses the character Forrest Gump to convey the thought that most people are too smart for their own good; he uses Forrest in order to show the audience that escaping from the realities and actualities of the world can have positive outcomes throughout life. While other characters in the film struggle with conflicts in society, Forrest remains unaware of them; this allows him to live in the moment. Forrest goes out of his way to do what is right, as opposed to what is easy, I believe that this movie asks me to look at the imperfections within myself and calls me to become a more selfless person. I highly recommend this film to year 12 students, Forrest has an ability to truly humble another human being, and his optimism, freshness, and emotional honesty are just a few qualities that he teaches us throughout the film. The movie does not seek to reduce every member of the audience to tears; it does however have moments where the true power of message comes from the simplest of things. For example, Forrest says to anyone that will listen, â€Å"Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re going to get.† Through this quote we see that Forest is able and  willing to go through life taking every opportunity given to him, I believe the way he sees the world is incredibly unique and that I have benefited from seeing his views of life, in many ways this f ilm has changed my perspective of life and I believe that year 12’s will find this film highly enjoyable and beneficial. I believe an aspect that makes this film beneficial for all year 12 students is that it addresses the perspectives of war. The movie shows the different perspectives of the Vietnamese war, in scenes we see thousands of protesters protesting and in the very next frames we see supporters rallying together and congratulating the returned men. This contrast is highly refreshing, it is not common in movies to show multiple perspectives on war; however the film Forrest Gump manages to show the audience three perspectives. During the 60s and 70s, no topic was of higher debate than that of the Vietnam War and those who were sent overseas to fight. Forrest, as might be expected, has a singular viewpoint on his time spent in Vietnam, he narrated during the film saying, â€Å"We took long walks and were always looking for this guy named Charlie.† In Forrest’s observation of the war we see that although he was fighting willingly, he did not know why or what he was fighting for. I believe that this is the underlying message that the Director is trying to portray, on one side of the line there are those for the War, on the other are those against it and in the middle is Forrest Gump. In many ways Forrest teaches us about governments exploiting its citizens, he was sent to a place where he may have died and yet he did not understand why he was there to begin with, however he did enlist himself for the war. I struggle with the double meanings throughout the movie, we see the positives and the negatives of war through the death of Forrest’s best friend, Bubba, and the medal Forrest receives for saving Lt. Dan. In the end I’m left just as confused about the war as Forrest Gump is about life. I challenge year 12’s to watch this movie, keeping in mind that everything Forrest says means something deeper than the definition of each word that leaves his mouth. I believe that the character Forrest Gump teaches me to treasure the moments in my life and to understand why I’m doing what I’m doing. Especially in scenarios that can affect other people. He is some sort of inspiration to me; this is however not in the usual context. He inspires me to never enter situations  where I do not fully comprehend nor understand the consequences of my actions, he inspires me to never let someone take advantage of me and he inspires me to just simply, be me. Throughout the entire film we see Forest Gump’s tragic life; nearly everyone he holds most dear to him dies. Life can be brutal at times, I found myself crying during the moments when Forrest’s life seemed painfully hard. In some ways I could see that with every loved one that he’d lost a part of him had died with them. I can understand this feeling as my best friend’s father passed away only three years ago this month. As she is growing up, she is realising the disadvantages of not having him with her, knowing that he is not there to teach her how to drive or help her get her first job. I see her pain and I know that there is nothing I can do to stop it, I am powerless. I believe that there is finality in death, however in this film Forrest teaches the audience that a part of us may die with a loved one, but that doesn’t stop life from coming back to us. The underlying message that Forrest has to offer on the subject of death is that you should nev er let heart-break or tragedies take over your life. Forrest accepts that dying is inevitable, â€Å"Momma always said dying was a part of life,† he says. â€Å"I sure wish it wasn’t.† Death occurs not only in Forrest’s personal life, but also in the larger community. This film has a historical setting and we see the main events of the 60’s, 70’s and 80’s through the eyes of Forrest. In this era, death of high valued people within America rocked the foundations of its society; numerous assassinations took place including JFK, RFK and John Lennon. Forrest struggles with the necessity of death as he watches those he loves fall to illness and war and those he admires fall to random attack. During this time the death of Martin Luther King Jr. created the greatest conflict within society and he is still remembered to day for his fight against racism and war. The King family and others believe that the assassination was carried out by a conspiracy involving the US government and that James Ear l Ray was a scapegoat. At the time the thought of this alone was enough to spark a civil war within America, although this was avoided by Senator RFK, who spoke to a crowd directly after being informed of Martin L. King’s passing. In his speech he said, â€Å"I had a member of my family killed, but he was killed by a white man.† RFK’s attempts at avoiding  severe rioting based on race was only semi successful, however his speech is widely considered one of the greatest speeches in American history. King was a beloved leader in the civil rights movement, and also an advocate for nonviolence. His death led some people to feel angry and disillusioned; from his death they began to believe that the only effective resistance to racism is violence. King was used as a martyr, however his cause for non-violence was ignored and he was used as a reason for blacks to shed blood. Dying is a part of life, only two months after RFK said his speech he too was assassinated, this shows that it does not matter who you are or if you are ready to die because in the end death will come for you when your least expecting it . I don’t expect to die anytime soon. But Forrest’s life teaches me that it could happen this moment, while I am writing. Steve Jobs once said â€Å"No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don’t want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life’s change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new.† I believe this quote shows that death is inevitable, in the end we all die, we may try to avoid death but it will always come for us one day, it may be tomorrow, it may be in fifty years from now, but it’s coming for us all.

The Debate Over Essay Writing Topics English

The Debate Over Essay Writing Topics English In case you have any questions, you can get in touch with our friendly support team night and day and get immediate assistance. For growth-mindset folks, on the flip side, effort is the thing that makes you smart or talented. A team is waiting to do a lot of the work for those who want it the most. It's important to acquire decent excellent help in order to give yourself a good probability of landing the very best grade. Writing an essay may be a tedious and demanding task that could wind up occupying all of your time after school. Students want to learn how to synthesize knowledge based on these healthcare references. The ACT Writing test isn't bound to check your knowledge about a specific topic, but it's rather designed to assess your English writing skills. An individual should gather all the appropriate information regarding the assigned essay topic. The subject of the essay has to be clear in the very first paragraph. 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The very first paragraph introduces your major ideas and attracts attention to the remainder of your work. Select an intriguing topic Student must choose a topic that's prevailing and trending so that it may draw the eye of ultimate readers in only a fast glance. They always create authentic content. After you've completed all your research and note taking it's a fantastic notion to return through and organize them. It's normal to forget how far you've come in life. Make certain you realize the prompt and otherwise, don't be scared to ask questions or go to office hours. Even after extensive practice a kid may still discover that they're running out of time. Last step practice package for children.

Car Rental Business Plan - 4055 Words

Car Rental Services Table of Contents S.no Description Page Introduction 3 1.0 Executive Summary 4 2.0 Business Description 5 2.1 Business plan 5 2.2 Long term goals of the company 5 2.3 Starting plan Expenses 5 2.4 Company strength Uniqueness of service 7/8 2.5 Potential of the business 8 3.0 Marketing Plan 9 3.1 Marketing segments Target segments 9 3.2 Market needs 10 3.3 Competition 10 3.4 Promotion Advertising strategy 11 3.5 Pricing Strategy 11 3.6 Marketing Budget 12 4.0 Operation Plan 13 4.1 Various service offered 13 4.2 Selling price Sales revenue 14 5.0 Management Plan 15 5.1 Management team 15 5.2 Role of Employees 16 6.0 Financial Plan 17 6.1 Profit loss statement 18 6.2 Cash flow statement†¦show more content†¦In the past 5 years, the Kingdom of Bahrain has undergone a sea of change, with major developments happening in the private sector public sector. Many ambitious projects such as residential office buildings, resorts and other various developments are being sanctioned by the government. This recent developments have increased tourism and foreign investments into the country and with these developments, the car rental and the hotel business has started booming. 2.2) Long term goals of the Company For the company to be successful, it is important to fix and fulfill all its goals that have been set to be achieved. Our future goals or targets are: ï‚ § To expand the company business into Saudi Arabia ï‚ § To set up a driving training institute ï‚ § To form a Limited Liability Corporation (LLC) for liability protection of personal and company assets. 2.3) Starting plan Expenses The Owner will finance the start-up expenses for the company. The property on Exhibition road will be leased in January 2007 for a minimum of three years. The location is already fixed and secured the lease for BD 600 per month. 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